Interaction between cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) genotypes and pest insects under silicate fertilization

Abstract

The occurrence of insect pests in cowpea cultivation compromises production and increases costs due to the reliance on pesticides, in addition to posing environmental risks through the use of these chemical products. Thus, silicon fertilization has been proposed as an alternative strategy for plant defense and for mitigating damage associated with attacks by these biotic agents. In this context, this study evaluated 12 cowpea genotypes subjected to the application of potassium silicate, assessing the effects on crop development and yield, as well as plant–insect interactions. The results demonstrated that silicon, although it did not significantly alter growth or yield descriptors, significantly reduced damage levels and pest incidence. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) indicated a negative correlation between productivity and infestations, suggesting that the protection conferred by the nutrient may contribute to the sustainable management of the species.